From specialty products such as sponge cakes or Asian noodles to blending with HRS for improving bread color, U.S. soft white (SW) wheat flour has the versatility to improve the quality of a wide variety of products. It has a low protein of 8.5% to 10.5% (12% mb), low moisture and weak gluten. SW includes winter and spring varieties increasing the protein range and functionality within the class.
For the miller, SW delivers excellent results. Arriving at the mill with an average moisture of less than 10%, an average test weight of more than 80 hectoliter mass and a low quantity of screenings, SW wheat provides the millers every opportunity for high flour extraction. The lower wheat moisture allows the miller to temper the wheat to a lower average target moisture optimizing flour extraction, particle size and color.
For the baker, low moisture content creates an advantage by optimizing water absorption and product quality to the consumer. The finer particle size may increase the rate of water absorption, decreasing mix time and improving production efficiencies. With the fine particle size and starch characteristics, SW flour creates a unique and tender texture for many end-products.
Where is U.S. Soft White grown?
U.S. soft white (SW) is grown primarily in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) with approximately 80% exported and shipped via Pacific ports.
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2022 U.S. Soft White Production
According to USDA’s Small Grains Annual Summary released September 30, 2022, production of the 2022 U.S. SW crop is estimated to be 6.9 million metric tons (MMT), a 46% increase from last year’s 4.8 MMT and similar to the 5-year average of 6.5 MMT.
- 2022 (MMT)
- Total SW production in states sampled
- Soft White subtotal
- White Club subtotal
- Total U.S. SW Production
- 2022 (MMT)
- 6.6
- 6.3
- 0.3
- 6.9
- 2021 (MMT)
- 4.3
- 4.1
- 0.2
- 4.8
- 5-Year Average (MMT)
- 6.0
- 5.8
- 0.3
- 6.5
*States sampled: Idaho, Oregon and Washington. Numbers may not match exactly due to rounding.
2022 U.S. Soft White Crop Quality Data Highlights
The Pacific Northwest (PNW) returned to more normal growing conditions marked by more moisture and a long, cool spring in the 2022 crop year, which resulted in a soft white (SW) wheat crop with characteristically lower protein. This year’s SW crop has very weak to medium gluten strength and good finished product characteristics. SW is especially suited for use in cakes, pastries, cookies and snack foods. The high protein segment of the SW crop provides opportunities in blends for crackers, Asian noodles, steamed breads, flat breads and pan breads. The SW subclass Club wheat, with very weak gluten strength, is typically exported as the subclass Western White, a blend of more than 10% club with SW, for cakes and delicate pastries.
U.S. SOFT WHITE AND WHITE CLUB AVERAGE COMPOSITE DATA HIGHIGHTS
The table below provides highlights of Soft White and White Club crop averages. For full quality results, please see the U.S. Wheat Associates Crop Quality Report to be released late October 2022.
- 2022
- SW
- Test Weight (lb/bu)
- Test Weight (kg/hl)
- Moisture (%)
- Wheat Protein (%) 12% mb
- Wheat Protein (%) 0% mb
- Wheat Falling Number (sec)
- 2022
- SW
- 61.0
- 80.2
- 8.9
- 9.5
- 10.8
- 340
- 2022
- Club
- 60.6
- 79.8
- 7.8
- 10.1
- 11.5
- 356
- 2022
- SW
- 59.3
- 77.9
- 8.8
- 11.3
- 12.3
- 344
- 2021
- Club
- 59.7
- 78.5
- 8.0
- 11.5
- 12.5
- 345
- 2022
- SW
- 61.1
- 80.3
- 9.1
- 10.0
- 11.3
- 327
- 5-Year Average
- Club
- 60.5
- 79.6
- 8.5
- 9.9
- 11.1
- 337
